disadvantages of philosophy of education
Analytic treatments of the concept of indoctrination have fallen roughly into one of three categories: These accounts all result in a particular picture of indoctrination: the indoctrinated student has beliefs that have not been subjected to rational scrutiny; critical thinking did not play a role in the adoption of these beliefs. If these charges are true, how can the very reasonable demands of teacher and student accountability be answered? Finally, moral issues in the philosophy of education reflect important themes in meta-ethics, such as the tension between rationalist and sentimentalist schools:is moral education a matter of exposing students to ethical reasoning, or instead a matter of inculcating positive emotional dispositions, like empathy? Core questions For example, some feminist philosophers argue that it is important for boys and girls to master both masculine and feminine roles and abilities. Education, Philosophy of. It was born out of the Throughout history, many philosophers argued about issues like religion, morality, language, politics, and just about anything you can think of. the common worry is students will not gain the amount of practice of literacy as they world in a traditional education setting. Can an account be given of critical thinking that can be generalized across disciplines? Looking back through history helps better show what the philosophers thought during the time period in which they lived. As well, post-positivists hold deterministic philosophy in which causes determine effects or outcomes, which are the reflection to the need of identification and the assessment of the causes that influence outcomes such as found in experiments (Creswell 2009). Should parents or their children have the right to opt out of material they think is inappropriate? Qualitative research strategies, i.e. *You can also browse our support articles here >. Freedom of speech is a basic element of educational philosophy and school culture. This creates profit for Pearson. Overview Often times, democratic candidates are believed to be more open-minded and politically involved than republican More generally, what epistemological assumptions underlie (or should underlie) the notion of critical thinking? This will also be the strategy used for countering possible bias. However, it is essential to be mindful of the potential drawbacks when considering its This will involve seeking constant guidance from the supervision term when in doubt on how to interpret findings. Does critical thinking presuppose conceptions of truth, knowledge, or justification that are objective and universal, or is it compatible with more relativistic accounts emphasizing culture, race, class, gender, or conceptual framework? We see again a resistance to the kind of moral absolutism or imperialism that some think necessary to justify teaching any one particular set of values to students, and again we see concerns regarding indoctrination:are attempts to teach students to think effectively about moral issues tacit forms of proselytization? In approaching these questions about the individual, society, and education, there is a general conflict between a more liberal viewpoint of the aim of educationin which the independence of the individual is stressed over the good of the societyand a more communitarian viewin which the individual's far-reaching dependence on and obligation to society has weight. Many different presidential candidates compete in order to become the representative of their selected political affiliation, which is usually democratic or republican. These accounts generally agree that critical thinkers share at least the following two characteristics: Feminist, multiculturalist, and postmodern philosophers of education all call into doubt underlying premises of modern pedagogy and philosophy, highlighting their inescapably political nature. However, there are some disadvantages associated with this approach. Treating the content of the beliefs impartedcontent that does not admit of rational support or that is to be believed independently of such support. Synthesis (2007). These are all complex matters, involving philosophical questions concerning the nature of the mind, the aims and legitimate means of education, the psychology of learning, the organizational demands of schooling, and a host of other matters to which social-scientific research is relevant. Social epistemology. Does a proper education tend to instill certain virtuessuch as honesty and patienceor to reveal important moral standards and principles? Does the aim of educating children for their own good conflict with the aim of educating them for the common good? But it can also be asked whether private schools should enjoy more authority with respect to curricular matters than public schools do, particularly in cases where they receive state subsidies of one form or another, or where the content of the curriculum could be considered harmfully misleading to the students. What is it to reason well? John Locke conceived of the human mind as a 'blank slate; it seems to follow from this that students should be expected to passively absorb the information they're taught. Copyright 2000-2022. This site organized and edited by Haley Mathis; please send questions and comments toh.mathis@umiami.edu. Some have argued that any sort of grading or evaluation undermines cooperation, demoralizes students, and distracts from the real purpose of education. ), psychology (e.g., do IQ tests discriminate against members of certain minority groups? They teach the concepts of good thoughts and deeds in the society. Conclusively, the advantages of the Covid-19 vaccine outweigh the disadvantages. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. These educators are concerned with developing good learners as well as good Analytic treatments of the concept of indoctrination have fallen roughly into one of three categories: Also, has the intent to reduce the ideas into small, which discrete a set of ideas to test, such as the variables that comprise hypotheses and research questions. But if we are to take such accounts seriously, we must also consider whether or not indoctrination can be avoidedand if it cannot, whether we should be so quick to eschew it. ), philosophy of science (e.g., is intelligent design a genuinely scientific theory? This curriculum was designed at first to impart knowledge to learners through a method of teacher cantered approach OBE (Outcome Based Education). WebThe teaching philosophy should be one of facilitation and interaction in order to allow for the construction of own understanding and meaning. Other issues concern whether the skills, abilities, and dispositions that are constitutive of critical thinking are general or subject-specific. At this level, qualitative research involves a naturalistic, interpretive approach to the world. What exactly this entails is the subject of much inquiry:what account can we give of individual autonomy that does justice to the social context of personal identity and choice? They argue that curriculum and pedagogy often reflect the interests of the dominant cultural group at the expense of others, and argue that the languages, customs, beliefs, and values of other worldviews deserve a place of equal respect in the classroom. Do they encourage teachers to only 'teach to the test, to students' detriment? One group of issues is epistemological in nature. The answer to this question, as to the others raised above, may depend in part on the status of the particular school as public (state-supported) or private. Many theorists have assumed a clear distinction between education proper and indoctrination, which is assumed to be undesirable. Study for free with our range of university lectures! individual in depth views and focus groups, will therefore utilized in this research as they allow the researcher to extract participants views, experiences, beliefs on the subject of leadership This being the case, quantitative research strategies, which are informed of post positivism would inappropriate as will be further discussed below. Religion is connected to government in every culture across the globe. The constructivist position espouses a hermeneutical approach, which maintains that meaning is hidden and must be brought to the surface through deep reflection (see Schwandt, 2000; Sciarra, 1999). While these issues largely involve questions in ethics and political philosophy, they are also informed by other philosophical concerns. Multiculturalist philosophers stress the importance of diversity in education and educational theory. All work is written to order. Linking it to the philosophy of constructivism-interpretive and the research on leadership styles prevailing in Risxcel. Yet, in the time period they lived in, they were considered to be geniuses. Retrieved September 10, 2007, from Encyclopadia Britannica Online: http://search.eb.com/eb/article-36386, Copyright: 2022 University of Miami. Everything that we do in life, it is all based around our goal that we want ourselves to attain. Plato quoted-Good actions give strength to ourselves and in spire good actions in others; one good deed spreads like wild flowers. Philosophers of education and educational theorists also argue whether critical thinking is relevantly 'neutral" with respect to the groups who use it, or if it is in fact politically or culturally biased. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! Are these tests racially discriminatory? Also, looking back through time and studying philosophers and what they believed can help create a better idea for our own philosophical creations. That in and Should academic study be favored over vocational educationif in fact there is even a clear distinction between the two? Can reason itself be neutral, or must we always understand it in context? He says that the more we practice philosophy the more we begin to question everyday things in our life, and we come to find that the answers are only bigger questions. Russell hints that philosophy can help you see things in a different light, in a sense taking off the rose colored glasses and seeing the world for what it is. The first philosophers ideas to people today would be considered either very basic, or insane. Answering such questions inevitably leads us to issues in moral epistemology, which is concerned with the epistemic status of moral claims and judgments. Everything I have discussed previously is just the tip of the, Philosophy was an activity that people would seek to understand the fundamentals of truth, relationships with others and themselves. Is education itself merely a tool by which those in power maintain social and economic inequalities? Whereas positivists accept an objective, My thoughts are - As most of philosophy is theory, there are no real answers discovered, just items that can or cannot be proven. As in my work I c Hands-on assignments are a critical part of a progressive classroom. Philosophy of Education in the Curriculum. Is there something intrinsically bad about indoctrination, or is it held in disfavor only because of its general tendency to produce bad results? A key distinction between the positivist and post positivist views is that the former stresses theory verification and the latter theory falsification (Lincoln & Guba, 2000, p. 107). What is it exactly to think critically, and why should educators hold it in such high esteem? The great range of aims that have been proposed makes vivid the philosopher of educations need to appeal to other areas of philosophy, to other disciplines (e.g., psychology, anthropology, sociology, and the physical sciences), and to educational practice itself. This also means significant changes in terms of the work program, teacher education, method of work and the manner of assessment of achieved results. Following is a partial list, with references for further reading. It uses rules to provide a framework but allows people to break rules to reflect lifes. Here, a brief history of each outlines philosophy: Post positivism arose out of dissatisfaction with some aspects of the positivist stance. Empiricism can be associated with atheism show more content. To what degree, if any, should teachers seek (ethnic, gender, socioeconomic) diversity in their classroom? Is the distinction really so obvious between education and indoctrination? There are many beliefs tied into both of these political parties that go into what they understand as right or wrong. This site is hosted by UM, with generous financial help from the university's Ethics Programs, to provide resources for those interested in the aims and methods of education, and to highlight our own commitment to excellence in this field. Both perspectives emphasize cause- effect linkages of phenomena that can be studied, identified, and generalized, and both paradigms proffer an objective, detached researcher role. Disadvantages of Constructivism in Teaching The training necessary for constructive teaching is extensive and often requires costly long-term professional development. Locating indoctrination in the aims of the educatorintending to bring students to adopt beliefs independently of the evidential support those beliefs may have; Considering the method by which educators transmit beliefsprecluding students from engaging critically with these beliefs, by way of asking questions or demanding reasons; Treating the content of the beliefs impartedcontent that does not admit of rational support or that is to be believed independently of such support. Can reason itself be neutral, or must we always understand it in context? Therefore, it influences people to understand the importance of staying together. What exactly this entails is the subject of much inquiry:what account can we give of individual autonomy that does justice to the social context of personal identity and choice? Philosophy is quite basically asking inquiries about existence, reality and nature of knowledge. It is common to evaluate the success of both teachers and students with high-stakes standardized tests. In this case, it is anticipated that being informed and directed of the post positivist paradigm would have make the study somewhat people -less (Kitchin 2006: 6) as it ignores their views and beliefs within a study population otherwise highly charged with these, given the subject of leadership. But if we are to take such accounts seriously, we must also consider whether or not indoctrination can be avoidedand if it cannot, whether we should be so quick to eschew it. It is ultimately circular. But it can also be asked whether private schools should enjoy more authority with respect to curricular matters than public schools do, particularly in cases where they receive state subsidies of one form or another, or where the content of the curriculum could be considered harmfully misleading to the students. For Dewey, progressive education prepared children to live in a democratic society by teaching them the importance of participation, first in school and then in life. As Crotty (1998) notes, meanings are generated by human beings as they engage with the world they are interpreting. For example, questions of metaphysics (e.g.,how are 'groups"to be individuated and understood? Are these tests racially discriminatory? On the other hand, Dewey and many other psychologists and educators have held that learning is most effective when students take an active part in their educations, engaging in self-directed discovery and learning. For example, some feminist philosophers argue that it is important for boys and girls to master both masculine and feminine roles and abilities. It starts by giving a brief account of each. Special thanks to Harvey Siegel; a great deal of the written material on this website is borrowed (with significant changes) from his Britannica Online Encyclopedia entry: Not only do I find this to be the major benefit of philosophy in my life, but in the lives of every cognizant being. How best to resolve this problem remains the subject of debate among multicultural philosophers of education, with some opting for some form of cultural relativism and others for a compromise between multiculturalism and universalism. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? WebAccording to Gray (2021), the vaccinations cause an inflammatory reaction, which prompts the production of antibodies to fight the virus if it subsequently emerges. While social constructivism clearly has its challenges, it was deemed more appropriate for the research project. There are always two sides to every coin as there are different ways of looking at things, is what philosophy teaches us. In such controversial cases, what power should members of allegedly disadvantaged groups have to protect their children from discrimination or injustice? Does the aim of educating children for their own good conflict with the aim of educating them for the common good? The characteristics of a good philosopher are someone who possesses the qualities to use their habits of mind and be able to think on a higher level than most do. In addition, the dispositions of the critical thinker noted above suggest that the ideal of critical thinking can be extended beyond the bounds of the epistemic to the area of moral character, leading to questions regarding the nature of such character and the best means of instilling it. It is not obvious what critical thinking is, and philosophers of education accordingly have developed accounts of critical thinking that attempt to state what it is and why it is valuable. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Do they encourage teachers to only 'teach to the test, to students' detriment? For example, philosophy can prove to be a disadvantage to one person when they are forced to think about new ideas, meanwhile it can be highly beneficial to the person that is implementing the new ideas simply because they are broadening their mind and possibly striving toward a more prosperous Philosophers of education and educational theorists also argue whether critical thinking is relevantly 'neutral" with respect to the groups who use it, or if it is in fact politically or culturally biased. This is all thanks to how philosophy has given me my own intellectual advantage, while I may not win every argument, I can take what I have learned and use it to my advantage in many areas. social constructivism and post-positivism. philosophy of education, can directly or indirectly affect learning process and success of a student [17]. By applying Social Constructivism, the project therefore positions the acknowledgement of how the interpretation of data flows from historical experiences, personal and cultural (Creswell 2009). Which model of the mind is most appropriate? Overview Malaysia practices the quota system in its education ( especially in public universities ), public sectors ( i.e. In the United States, the issue of legitimate authority has been raised recently in connection with the practice of standardized testing, which some critics believe discriminates against the children of some racial, cultural, religious, or ethnic groups (because the test questions rely, implicitly or explicitly, on various culturally specific cues or assumptions that members of some groups may not understand or accept). Philosophy is arguably the key to how humans have learned to create what society has become today. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. 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