Argentina protested in 1841, 1849, 1884, 1888, 1908, 1927 and 1933, and has made annual protests to the United Nations since 1946. [62] The war also left some 117 minefields containing nearly 20,000 mines of various types, including anti-vehicle and anti-personnel mines. The islands are a British Overseas Territory. 3 [153] The Falklands' predominant and official language is English, with the foremost dialect being British English; nonetheless, some inhabitants also speak Spanish. 19 million kWh (2016 est. [71] Under the 2009 Constitution, the islands have full internal self-government; the UK is responsible for foreign affairs, retaining the power "to protect UK interests and to ensure the overall good governance of the territory". In the Second World War, following the December 1939 Battle of the River Plate, the battle-damaged HMS Exeter steamed to the Falklands for repairs. ): Real growth rate: n.a. [81] The workload placed on the Falkland Islands Post Office by overseas collectors led to the establishments in 1978 of the Falkland Islands Philatelic Bureau. It lies about 300 miles northeast of the southern tip of South America and a similar distance east of the Strait of Magellan. Diplomatic disputes with Argentina disrupted tourism slightly in 2004. ), number of registered air carriers: 1 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 5, total: 22,438 to 3,047 m: 1914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2021), total: 440 km (2008)paved: 50 km (2008)unpaved: 390 km (2008), total: 2by type: general cargo 1, other 1 (2021), defense is the responsibility of the UK, which maintains about 1,200 troops on the islands, Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks, about Photos of Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). 12 $63,000 Since then the islands have issued their own stamps, which are a source of revenue from overseas collectors. (2017 est.) [42] The convention covers Southern Ocean ecosystem which is generally accepted as being south of approximately 50 to 55S. [67] Landmine clearance work restarted in 2009, in accordance with the UK's obligations under the Ottawa Treaty, and Sapper Hill Corral was cleared of mines in 2012, allowing access to an important historical landmark for the first time in 30 years. Economy is idealism in its most practical terms.Calvin Coolidge (18721933), Unaware of the absurdity of it, we introduce our own petty household rules into the economy of the universe for which the life of generations, peoples, of entire planets, has no importance in relation to the general development.Alexander Herzen (18121870). 0% of GDP [102] The islands are predominantly mountainous and hilly,[103] with the major exception being the depressed plains of Lafonia (a peninsula forming the southern part of East Falkland). The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. In more recent years fishing, oil exploration and tourism have played a leading part in the economy of the islands. )imports: 0 kWh (2020 est. (2013 est. [61] After the war the UK expanded its military presence, building RAF Mount Pleasant and increasing the size of its garrison. )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. [see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ], Population below poverty line: NA [123] Development projects in education and sports have been funded by the Falklands government, without aid from the United Kingdom. Locally registered fishing boats are also in operation. Tourism, especially ecotourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 69,000 visitors in 2009 and adds approximately $5.5 million to the Falklands annual GDP. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands). [citation needed], The Falkland Islands have a GDP of $164.5million, and a per capita GDP of $70,800 (2015 estimate) compared with the United Kingdom GDP per capita of $35,200 (2009 estimate). Graphic by Paul Scruton The agriculture of the island is still a major part of the economy and is dominated by sheep farming - surveyed every year by the government . Every dollar that we prudently save means that their life will be so much the more abundant. [40], With the establishment of the FICZ, the Falklands Fisheries Department issued licences that enable foreign vessels to fish in Falklands waters. [see also: Budget - expenditures country ranks ], Taxes and other revenues: 32.5% (of GDP) [138], The Falkland Islands population is homogeneous, mostly descended from Scottish and Welsh immigrants who settled in the territory after 1833. $125 million The Falkland Islands, a long standing source of historical tensions between Argentina and the international community, are once again poised to be the centre of disputes, owing to Argentina's growing economic troubles. versttning med sammanhang av "reinvesting little" i engelska-ryska frn Reverso Context: During the two world wars the Falkland Islands Company and other absentee farm landlords consolidated their hold over the local economy reinvesting little. The War of the Falkland Islands began with a successful invasion by Argentine forces on April 2, 1982, and ended with their surrender to British forces ten weeks later. 220 [33] By 2002 the license revenue was so great that the island government had no debt and had built up more than 80 million in savings.[3]. [38] The Argentine Confederation (headed by Buenos Aires Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas) protested against Britain's actions,[39][G] and Argentine governments have continued since then to register official protests against Britain. More than 75% of the annual catch of 200,000 tonnes (220,000 short tons) is squid. Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2007 est. ), total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2016 est. In 1987, the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. Economy of the Falkland Islands The economy of the Falkland Islands, which first involved sealing, whaling and provisioning ships, became heavily dependent on sheep farming from the 1870s to 1980. [54] After the war ended, the Falklands economy was affected by declining wool prices and the political uncertainty resulting from the revived sovereignty dispute between the United Kingdom and Argentina. Falkland Islands, also called Malvinas Islands or Spanish Islas Malvinas, internally self-governing overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the South Atlantic Ocean. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. A 1995 agreement between the UK and Argentina had set the terms for exploitation of offshore resources including oil reserves as geological surveys had shown there might be up to 60 billion barrels (9.5 billion cubic metres) of oil under the seabed surrounding the islands. (2013 est.). to the south and east of the Falkland Islands at depths between 750 and 830 metres (2,460 and 2,720ft) depths in the eastern part of FICZ. )country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): )consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est. A diversified culture: New residents would bring new perspectives and ideas, creating a more culturally div. )exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Falkland Islands Economy 1991 information contained here. ), 25.5% (2015 est. At the time of the 2012 census, 91 Falklands residents were overseas. [see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ], Public debt: (2015 est. Check out our country profile, full of essential information about Falkland Islands's geography, history, government, economy, population, culture, religion and languages. The Falkland Islands (/ f (l) k l n d, f l k-/; Spanish: Islas Malvinas [izlaz malinas]) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf.The principal islands are about 300 mi (480 km) east of South America's southern Patagonian coast and about 752 mi (1,210 km) from Cape Dubouzet at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, at a latitude of . (2004 est. Falkland coins are produced in the United Kingdom; coins are identical in size to the United Kingdom currency but with local designs on the reverse. (2017), Exports - commodities: wool, hides, meat, venison, fish, squid, Imports: NOTE: 1) The information regarding Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. The abattoir received export accreditation in December 2002 and began exporting meat in May 2003. 186 [72] Residents have the right of appeal to the European Court of Human Rights and the Privy Council. highest 10%: )country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): In October 1877, the Secretary of State of the Colonial Office, the Earl of Carnarvon began the process of application for the Falkland Islands to join the General Postal Union (renamed Universal Postal Union in 1879). 1 April-31 March; Trade organisations. [58], Concerned at the expense of maintaining the Falkland Islands in an era of budget cuts, the UK again considered transferring sovereignty to Argentina in the early Thatcher government. (2015 est.) ), installed generating capacity: 11,000 kW (2020 est. NA [129], The primary sector of the economy accounts for most of the Falkland Islands' gross domestic product, with the fishing industry alone contributing between 50% and 60% of annual GDP; agriculture also contributes significantly to GDP and employs about a tenth of the population. In May 2010 the first commercial oil discovery was made, signaling the potential for the development of a long term hydrocarbon industry in the Falkland Islands. 0.6542 [37][38] while the patagonian rockcod was fished to near-extinction in the Shag Rock area. Economic growth began only after the Falkland Islands Company, which bought out Lafone's failing enterprise in 1851,[I] successfully introduced Cheviot sheep for wool farming, spurring other farms to follow suit. Spain abandoned its settlement in 1811. The population of the Falkland Islands is mainly of British descent and the population, according to the 2016 Falkland Island National Census, is 3,354 with the vast majority of people living in the Capital, Stanley. The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but fishing and tourism currently comprise the bulk of economic activity. (2016 est.) Controversy exists over the Falklands' discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. The value of goods exported from the Falkland Islands recorded a compound annual growth rate of 8.1% between 2010 and 2019, according to the Falkland Islands Government's State of the Economy report. [126], Economic development was advanced by ship resupplying and sheep farming for high-quality wool. [6] The name "Falkland" was applied to the channel by John Strong, captain of an English expedition that landed on the islands in 1690. 205 Fishing boats visit the islands from Spain, Korea, Taiwan and Japan, and obtain supplies and services from the islands. [103] The temperature has historically stayed between 21.1 and 11.1C (70.0 and 12.0F) in Stanley, with mean monthly temperatures varying from 9C (48F) early in the year to 1C (30F) in July. 66 In 1987, the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. The capital and largest settlement is Stanley on East Falkland. This zone was later to become the Falklands Inner Conservation Zone (FICZ). (2016 est. For other uses, see, British Overseas Territory in United Kingdom, Articles relating to the Falkland Islands, Countries, territories and dependencies of the, Outlying territories of European countries, According to researcher Simon Taylor, the exact Gaelic etymology is unclear as the "falk" in the name could have stood for "hidden" (, Based on his analysis of Falkland Islands discovery claims, historian, In 1764, Bougainville claimed the islands in the name of. [139], A significant population decline affected the archipelago in the 20th century, with many young islanders moving overseas in search of education, a modern lifestyle, and better job opportunities,[142] particularly to the British city of Southampton, which came to be known in the islands as "Stanley North". agriculture: 41% [73] All politicians in the Falkland Islands are independent; no political parties exist on the islands. It then diversified and now has income from tourism, commercial fishing, and servicing the fishing industry as well as agriculture. Other types of fish form an insignificant part of the Falkland Islands' catch. industry: 24.5% In May 2010 the first commercial oil discovery was made, signaling the potential for the development of a long term hydrocarbon industry in the Falkland Islands. [25] The Falkland Islands Development Corporation which formed as a result of the Shackleton Report provided the impetus for the Falkland Islands to exploit their marine environment. ), fossil fuels: 66.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The Falkland Islands are a self-governing British Overseas Territory. )country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): $167.5 million [see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ], Labor force: 1,850 [74], In May 2015 oil was discovered in Isobel deep in May 2015 by a consortium of oil companies including Falkland Oil & Gas, Premier Oil, and Rockhopper Oil & Gas. The economy of the Falkland Islands, which first involved sealing, whaling and provisioning ships, became heavily dependent on sheep farming from the 1870s to 1980. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The men and women of this country who toil are the ones who bear the cost of the Government. The economy of the Falkland Islands, which first involved sealing, whaling and provisioning ships, became heavily dependent on sheep farming from the 1870s to 1980. Two months later, on 6 May 2010, Rockhopper Exploration announced that "it may have struck oil". 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